Developing aerospace products in the shortest possible time is one of the most important market competitive parameters. Meanwhile, inherent complexity of these products leads to large information cycles that increase completion time, significantly. As a result, the shortest completion time beside acceptable quality becomes an inevitable necessity. In this paper, “ Minimum-Risk Execution Plan (MREP)” is used to improve the conceptual design process of EH101 utility helicopter as the case study. The plan is formed around iteration management and reducing completion time in framework of Work Transformation Matrix (WTM). MREP is a work policy based on beginning with tasks with the highest couplings and by progressing the design process, adding the others in a gradual manner. The method can be described as the art of effective arrangement of design tasks while observing rework risk. Discrete-time simulation results show the supremacy of the proposed method over existing models in regard of completion time while the rework risk is maintained in the lowest possible level.

Development Schematization, just like other types of planning, is based on the related perspectives and targets. Regarding determined targets in any schematization, some measurement indices are considered in the planning process, each of which shows progression or regression of the whole turnover.As fuel is very important in the transport sector, schematization to reach the optimum situation in using fuel and optimize all affected factors is always critical. Various indices, including consumption, import, production, price, etc can be considered in measuring the success of each of the applied policies; however, as these indices can not be judged by their increase or decrease, the way to reach the optimum situation is not clear.In this paper, DEA method is applied to investigate both identical and different behaviors of gasoline indices in the second and third development plans during 1989-2005. Results indicate that the behavior of the main indices is different in each development plan; whereas, managing trade-off between some indices in each development plan would improve the performance to reach the perspective. Meantime, optimal points of all indices cover all the objectives and about 12 quintet and sextuplet indices are used as the best criteria to determine program success.

Introduction & Objective: Since some decades ago, developed countries have concentrated on place development issue in from of participation, democratic process in congruence with the needs of the inhabitants. Accordingly, Urban managing of Tehran, being aware of the effective role of local planning in sustainable urban development, have taken measures for execution of area oriented plan. The present research tries, in addition to evaluation of social factors affecting success of the area oriented plan, to illuminate the role of this plane in sustainable place development.Methods: This plan has been conducted through survey among urban 5 regions of Tehran and the required information was gathered with the help of a questionnaire from all members of consultative assistance of the 29 places of the said region.Findings: The findings acquired from the research showed that the highest success rate of the plan in significantly increased communication between people and urban managers, satisfaction of people with the managers, easier access citizens to services, increased communication between people with local authorities and increased participation of people in urban affairs and in the contrary, they considered the lowest success rate of the plan in assignment of the urban affair of the municipalities of the regions to areas.Conclusions: Place oriented plan has significant role in sustainable urban development. Thus, attention to the social capital present in the place would result in increased participation rate of people in urban programs.

biguity, complexity, multidimensionality and processuality are the most important characteristics of the latest war method. Combined war is a wide range of dimensions and components in a homogeneous and heterogeneous manner, which is used in this type of war, which is considered a non-linear war. For this reason, a constant vigilance against the enemy is one of the musts of an independent system with many enemies. Based on this, the main goal of the research is to answer the question, “What is the pattern of implementing hybrid warfare?”The present research is of applied-developmental type, descriptive-analytical research method with mixed approach. Considering the specialization of the research topic and the limited availability of experts, first, by using library sources and semi-structured interviews with experts in this field, the dimensions and components and sub-components were calculated, and then the factors obtained by The questionnaire was distributed and collected among 75 people from the community. The findings of the research show that the combined war has 2 dimensions; There are “inactive pests” and “active pests”. The dimension of “passive offense” with 8 components and 42 sub-components and the dimension of “active offense” with 2 components and 12 sub-components were measured, evaluated and confirmed, and finally, the model of the implementation of combined warfare was presented as well as suggestionsAmm

ABSTRACT Over the past 50 years since the first research in the field of urban development implementation plans, there has been a noticeable absence of a comprehensive literature review on this topic in the global arena. This article provides a textual analysis related to the subject of urban development implementation plans, to identify important and recurring themes alongside analyzing the relationships between authors, journals, and countries in this field. Along with the bibliographic analysis, documents related to the field of urban development implementation plans were reviewed to identify influential indicators in their implementation. To this end, 456 scientific articles were extracted from the Scopus scientific database as of October 28th, 2022, and analyzed using scientometric software. These analyses include examining author keywords, country co-authorships, journal bibliographic coupling, and author co-citations. In this study, 74 final indicators were identified as the most recurrent indicators in this field. The bibliographic analysis also produced several noteworthy results. The United States is the most active country in this field, with a link strength of 40 and 176 articles. Berke, P. is the most influential author in this field, with a link strength of 1623 and 99 citations. Among the journals examined, "Land Use Policy" has the highest bibliographic coupling strength of 84, and the "Journal of the American Planning Association" has the highest number of documents related to this field, with 22 documents; finally, among the identified. Extended Abstract Introduction The implementation of urban development projects has been a neglected topic in public policy research, despite its critical importance in ensuring the success of such projects. While there have been numerous studies on the factors that contribute to the success or failure of policy implementation, there has been a lack of systematic reviews on the subject of implementation as a whole. This study aims to address this gap in knowledge by providing a comprehensive overview of the implementation process of urban development projects. This study aims to address this gap in knowledge by providing a comprehensive overview of the implementation process of urban development projects. The study begins by collecting and categorizing existing research in the field, focusing on three main questions: -What are the key indicators for successful implementation? -What are urban journals and articles' current trends and performance? -How do countries and researchers collaborate in this area? The study also examines the relationships between authors, publishers, and different types of documents through bibliographic analysis. Ultimately, this study highlights the need for further research and a more structured approach to understanding the implementation process of urban development projects.   Methodology This study examined the literature related to implementation and evaluation plans in urban and land use planning. The authors used the Scopus database to extract and collect data, focusing on combining the keywords "implementation-plan" and "evaluation-plan" in the keywords, abstracts, and titles. Initially, 621 studies were extracted, but 456 articles were selected as the final database after filtering out non-article documents. The authors observed a general upward trend for studies from 1968 to 2022, with a significant increase in the slope of the trend from 2007. However, a slight decrease in studies was observed in 2021 and 2022, possibly due to the global pandemic and the emergence of new related topics. The authors used a four-stage process to analyze the bibliographic subject of the study, including simultaneous occurrence analysis, co-authorship analysis, bibliographic coupling analysis, co-citation analysis, content analysis, and thematic analysis. The authors identified the selected articles' research objectives, methodologies, findings, and main themes and sub-themes. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature on implementation and evaluation plans in urban and land use planning.   Results and discussion This research aims to comprehensively analyze the implementation and execution of urban development plans using bibliometrics and systematic analysis. The study considers evaluation as a crucial part of the implementation process and seeks to answer three fundamental questions. Firstly, it identifies effective indicators of implementation and execution globally. Secondly, it examines the trends and performances of new articles and urban journals. Thirdly, it investigates the pattern of cooperation among countries and researchers. The study identifies 74 general indicators that significantly impact the implementation process of urban plans. The results show that "performance evaluation," "effectiveness," "land use," "zonation," "participation," "program quality," and "implementation program" are critical indicators in this area. The study also highlights the importance of evaluation in the discussion of program implementation and its separability from the implementation process. Using the scientometric software VOSviewer, the study analyzed 68 keywords related to the bibliographic topic. "Program evaluation" obtained the first place, followed by "Program implementation" and "Program quality." The co-authorship analysis based on author items revealed that Berke, P. has the highest number of citations and link strength. Additionally, the study found that 72 countries have research in this field, with 22 countries having at least 5 citations that were clustered into 5 clusters by the software. The "land use policy" journal had the highest link strength, and the "Journal of the American planning association" had the highest number of documents related to this field. In conclusion, the study provides valuable insights for policymakers and researchers interested in urban development planning. It comprehensively examines the implementation and execution of urban development plans, identifies effective indicators, and investigates the pattern of cooperation among countries and researchers. The study highlights the importance of evaluation in the implementation process and its separability from the implementation process.   Conclusion The main goal of this research was to fill the gap in research on the implementation and execution of urban development projects in the field, as no systematic review of the topic has been conducted from a global perspective since the first research in this field about half a century ago. Only in some studies, such as those by Talen (1996), Oliveira & Pinho (2010), Rudolf & Grădinaru (2017), has the evaluation of implementation been systematically reviewed, or the systematic review of experiences in a specific urban area, such as the review of various experiences in the Beijing urban area (Chu, 2020). In this research, with the comprehensive approach that the evaluation of implementation is an integral part of the overall process of implementing and executing urban development projects, this process has been examined from the perspective of bibliometrics and systematic analysis of this field. The main difference of this research, which makes it completely new, is firstly having a comprehensive approach to the implementation field, where program evaluation is only an important part of its structure, and secondly, using the scientometric software VOSviewer for the first time in this field. In essence, the conclusive outcomes of this investigation were entirely novel and exhibited some partial congruences with antecedent studies in the domain of appraising and discerning indicators. Significantly, this research has conferred a systematic appraisal of the literature concerning the urban implementation and execution of projects, which is an unprecedented contribution. It should be acknowledged that this is an initial survey of data intended to offer a comprehensive outlook on this scholarly field, and thus it is subject to certain limitations, such as its confinement to the Scopus database. As such, it is recommended that future research endeavors encompass an analysis of additional databases and undertake comparative evaluations of the results. Funding There is no funding support.   Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest.   Acknowledgments  We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

The aim of this research was to explore the extent to which the educational policies adopted for the third economic development plan were carried out in education at Ahvaz local office of secondary education (ALOSE) during the third development plan (2000-2004). A qualitative methodology was used and data were collected via smi-structured interview (Interviews done with Education Local Authorities) and documents analysis. The results indicated that: 1) during the third development plan in ALOSE, a series of models of educational change such' as preplan change, evolutionary change, organizational cycle, political, social recognition and cultural change were taken into consideration; 2) the level of performance was significantly higher in the fifth year of the development plan compared to the first year with regards to reforms such as: Competition oriented reforms, financial oriented reforms, justice oriented reforms and quality and productivity oriented reforms.

One of the main topics in the discussion of strategic planning is the implementation of the strategy and its execution, especially in hierarchical organizations. Accordingly, the main question of the research is what is the optimal pattern of implementation and execution of strategy in hierarchical organizations of the army? This research is of exploratory-descriptive type and is applied-developmental in terms of purpose. The data collection method of this research includes library studies, interviews with experts and a questionnaire. The present study was conducted by a mixed method (in both qualitative and quantitative sections), so that using library studies and content analysis of the literature, as well as interviews with 23 experts, the final model of implementation and execution of the strategy is presented. Also, in the quantitative part, in order to test the model, according to the statistical population, which was estimated to be about 120 people, based on Cochran's formula, the number of samples was calculated equal to 92 people and a researcher-made questionnaire was sent to them. Of these, 83 questionnaires were collected and structural equations were modeled and tested. The good fit criterion for the overall model fit is calculated to be 0. 73, which indicates the strong fit of the model.